广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）

从文艺复兴到16世纪,博物学家的任务是发现并记录事物的相似性,阿尔德罗万迪、格斯纳和培根是那个时期重要的博物学家.17世纪的博物学具有过渡性质,最具代表性的博物学家是约翰·雷.对博物学而言,18世纪是一个伟大的世纪,林奈和布丰的工作体现了追求自然秩序的博物学动机.19世纪是博物学的黄金时代,博物学完成其职业化过程,诞生了进化论这样伟大的理论.进化论把时间的观念、历史的观念引入自然界,是西方思想史上划时代的成就.哈佛大学的迈尔和威尔逊是当代博物学家的代表.

From Renaissance to 16 th century,Naturalist of which Aldrovandi,Gesner and Bacon are the representative discovered and recorded the similarity of the things.Natural history in 17 th century of which the most important naturalist was John Ray had the transitional character.18 th century is a great century for the natural history.The works of Buffon and Linnaeus were filled of motivations of searching the order of the Nature.19 th century was the golden age of natural history that natural history finished its professionalization and produced the great theory of evolution.Evolution theory which put the idea of time and history into the Nature is one of the great intellectual achievement in western history.Professor Mayr and Wilson of Harvard University are the representative of naturalist of our day.